Definite Article "The"
Kata the adalah salah satu kata yang paling sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris. Inilah satu-satunya definite article atau artikel pasti. Kata benda dalam bahasa Inggris diawali dengan artikel pasti saat penutur yakin bahwa pendengar sudah mengetahui kata benda yang dimaksud. Penutur dapat meyakini hal ini karena berbagai alasan, misalnya di bawah ini.
Kapan menggunakan the?
Aturan Umum
Gunakan the untuk merujuk ke sesuatu yang sudah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Contoh
- On Monday, an unarmed man stole $1,000 from the bank. The thief hasn't been caught yet.
- I was walking past Benny's Bakery when I decided to go into the bakery to get some bread.
- There's a position available in my team. The job will involve some international travel.
Gunakan the saat Anda mengasumsikan hanya ada satu hal atau benda di tempat itu, bahkan meskipun belum pernah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Contoh
- We went on a walk in the forest yesterday.
- Where is the bathroom?
- Turn left and go to number 45. Our house is across from the Italian restaurant.
- My father enjoyed the book you gave him.
Gunakan the dalam kalimat atau klausa saat Anda mendefinisikan atau mengidentifikasi seseorang atau objek tertentu.
Contoh
- The man who wrote this book is famous.
- I scratched the red car parked outside.
- I live in the small house with a blue door.
- He is the doctor I came to see.
Gunakan the untuk merujuk ke seseorang atau objek yang unik atau hanya ada satu.
Contoh
- The sun rose at 6:17 this morning.
- You can go anywhere in the world.
- Clouds drifted across the sky.
- The president will be speaking on TV tonight.
- The CEO of Total is coming to our meeting.
Gunakan the sebelum superlatif dan bilangan bertingkat (ordinal).
Contoh
- This is the highest building in New York.
- She read the last chapter of her new book first.
- You are the tallest person in our class.
- This is the third time I have called you today.
Gunakan the dengan kata sifat untuk merujuk ke sekelompok orang.
Contoh
- The French enjoy cheese.
- The elderly require special attention.
- She has given a lot of money to the poor.
Gunakan the dengan dekade.
Contoh
- He was born in the seventies.
- This is a painting from the 1820's.
Gunakan the dengan klausa yang diawali dengan only.
Contoh
- This is the only day we've had sunshine all week.
- You are the only person he will listen to.
- The only tea I like is black tea.
Proper noun
Gunakan the dengan nama-nama lokasi geografis, sungai, pegunungan, kumpulan pulau, kanal, dan laut.
Contoh
- They are travelling in the Arctic.
- Our ship crossed the Atlantic in 7 days.
- I will go on a cruise down the Nile.
- Hiking across the Rocky Mountains would be difficult.
Gunakan the dengan negara-negara yang memiliki nama jamak.
Contoh
- I have never been to the Netherlands.
- Do you know anyone who lives in the Philippines?
Gunakan the dengan negara-negara yang memiliki kata republic, kingdom, atau states dalam namanya.
Contoh
- She is visiting the United States.
- James is from the Republic of Ireland.
Gunakan the dengan nama-nama koran.
Contoh
- I read it in the Guardian.
- She works for the New York Times.
Gunakan the dengan nama-nama bangunan terkenal, karya seni, museum, atau monumen.
Contoh
- Have you been to the Vietnam Memorial?
- We went to the Louvre and saw the Mona Lisa.
- I would like to visit the Eiffel Tower.
- I saw King Lear at the Globe.
Gunakan the dengan nama-nama hotel dan restoran, kecuali dinamai dengan nama seseorang.
Contoh
- They are staying at the Hilton on 6th street.
- We ate at the Golden Lion.
Gunakan the dengan nama-nama keluarga, tetapi bukan dengan nama-nama orang.
Contoh
- We're having dinner with the Smiths tonight.
- The Browns are going to the play with us.
Kapan tidak menggunakan the?
Jangan gunakan the dengan nama-nama negara (kecuali kasus khusus seperti di atas).
Contoh
- Germany is an important economic power.
- He's just returned from Zimbabwe.
Jangan gunakan the dengan nama-nama bahasa.
Contoh
- French is spoken in Tahiti.
- English uses many words of Latin origin.
- Indonesian is a relatively new language.
Jangan gunakan the dengan jenis-jenis makan.
Contoh
- Lunch is my favorite meal.
- I like to eat breakfast early.
Jangan gunakan the dengan nama-nama orang.
Contoh
- John is coming over later.
- Mary Carpenter is my boss.
Jangan gunakan the dengan gelar-gelar yang dikombinasikan dengan nama.
Contoh
- Prince Charles is Queen Elizabeth's son.
- President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas.
Jangan gunakan the setelah kata kepunyaan.
Contoh
- His brother's car was stolen.
- Peter's house is over there.
Jangan gunakan the dengan jenis pekerjaan.
Contoh
- Engineering is a well-paid career.
- He'll probably study medicine.
Jangan gunakan the dengan nama-nama toko.
Contoh
- I'll get the card at Smith's.
- Can you go to Boots for me?
Jangan gunakan the dengan tahun.
Contoh
- 1948 was a wonderful year.
- He was born in 1995.
Jangan gunakan the dengan kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung (uncountable noun).
Contoh
- Rice is an important food in Asia.
- Milk is often added to tea in England.
- War is destructive.
Jangan gunakan the dengan nama-nama gunung, danau, dan pulau.
Contoh
- Mount McKinley is the highest mountain in Alaska.
- She lives near Lake Windermere.
- Have you visited Long Island?
Jangan gunakan the dengan sebagian besar nama kota, jalan, stasiun, dan bandara.
Contoh
- Victoria Station is in the centre of London.
- Can you direct me to Bond Street?
- She lives in Florence.
- They're flying into Heathrow.