Viewpoint and commenting adverbs bahasa inggris

Ada beberapa kata dan ekspresi keterangan yang memberi tahu kita mengenai sudut pandang, pendapat, atau komentar penutur tentang suatu tindakan atau kejadian. Kata-kata keterangan ini berbeda dari keterangan lainnya karena tidak menjelaskan bagaimana sesuatu terjadi. Viewpoint and commenting adverb atau kata keterangan sudut pandang dan komentar memodifikasi seluruh klausa, tidak hanya kata kerja, kata keterangan, atau kata sifat tunggal. Tidak ada perbedaan yang jelas antara kata keterangan sudut pandang dan komentar, kecuali dalam penempatan kalimatnya. Banyak kata keterangan sudut pandang juga bisa digunakan sebagai keterangan komentar. Namun, dalam beberapa kasus, salah satu kata keterangan jauh lebih sering digunakan dari kata keterangan lainnya.

Penempatan kalimat

Kata keterangan sudut pandang diletakkan di awal, atau yang lebih jarang, di akhir kalimat. Kata-kata ini biasanya dipisahkan dari bagian kalimat lainnya oleh koma. Kata keterangan komentar diletakkan sebelum kata kerja utama, kecuali jika kata kerjanya adalah to be, di mana bisa diletakkan sebelum atau sesudah kata kerja. Dalam beberapa kasus, kata keterangan komentar yang diletakkan sebelum kata kerja utama akan dipisahkan dari bagian kalimat lainnya oleh koma (meskipun tidak akan dipisahkan dalam banyak kasus). Dalam contoh-contoh di bawah ini, kata keterangan sudut pandang dan komentar ditampilkan dengan penempatan kalimat yang tepat. Jika penempatan kalimat tidak umum, kaku, atau terlalu resmi untuk percakapan, kalimat akan ditandai dengan bintang.

Kata kerja sudut pandang atau komentar	Di awal kalimat	Sebelum kata kerja utama	Di akhir kalimat
clearly	Clearly, he doesn't know what he is doing.	He clearly doesn't know what he is doing.	He doesn't know what he is doing, clearly.
obviously	Obviously, you are acting silly.	You are obviously acting silly	You are acting silly, obviously.
personally	Personally, I'd rather go by train.	I'd personally rather go by train.	I'd rather go by train, personally.
presumably	Presumably, he didn't have time to go to the post office.	He presumably didn't have time to go to the post office.	He didn't have time to go to the post office, presumably.
seriously	Seriously, I can't give this speech.	I seriously can't give this speech.	I can't give this speech, seriously.
surely	Surely you tried to get here on time.	You surely tried to get here on time.	You tried to get here on time, surely.
technically	Technically, we cannot fly to Mars and back.	We technically cannot fly to Mars and back.	We cannot fly to Mars and back, technically.
undoubtedly	Undoubtedly, he has a good reason not to come.	He undoubtedly has a good reason not to come.	He has a good reason not to come, undoubtedly.
bravely	Bravely, I kept on walking.	I bravely kept on walking.	I kept on walking, bravely*.
carelessly	Carelessly, she threw her book into the pond.	She carelessly threw her book into the pond.	She threw her book into the pond, carelessly*.
certainly	Certainly you should be there.	You certainly should be there. / You should certainly be there.	You should be there, certainly.
cleverly	Cleverly, Sally hid the jellybeans.	Sally cleverly hid the jellybeans.	Sally hid the jellybeans, cleverly*.
definitely	*Definitely, you are smart.	You definitely are smart. / You are definitely smart.	You are smart, definitely*.
foolishly	Foolishly, they cried out.	They foolishly cried out.	They cried out, foolishly.
generously	Generously, he donated the money.	He generously donated the money.	He donated the money, generously*.
stupidly	Stupidly, they played in the street.	They stupidly played in the street.	They played in the street, stupidly*.
obviously	Obviously, we are lost.	We are obviously lost. / We obviously* are lost.	We are lost, obviously.
kindly	Kindly, she fed the cat first.	She kindly fed the cat first.	She fed the cat first, kindly.
luckily	Luckily, you got here on time.	You luckily got here on time.	You got here on time, luckily.
fortunately	Fortunately, we found the boat.	We fortunately found the boat.	We found the boat, fortunately.
naturally	Naturally, you cannot be in the circus now.	You naturally cannot be in the circus now.	You cannot be in the circus now, naturally.
wisely	Wisely, she stayed home to take a nap.	She wisely stayed home to take a nap.	She stayed home to take a nap, wisely.
confidentially	Confidentially, I never gave him the envelope.		I never gave him the envelope, confidentially.
theoretically	Theoretically, we could send astronauts to Mars.	We could theoretically send astronauts to Mars. / We theoretically could send astronauts to Mars.	We could send astronauts to Mars, theoretically.
truthfully	Truthfully, I don't like chocolate much.	I truthfully don't like chocolate much.	I don't like chocolate much, truthfully.
disappointingly	Disappointingly, she got fourth place.	She disappointingly got fourth place.	She got fourth place, disappointingly.
thoughtfully	Thoughtfully, I turned away.	I thoughtfully turned away.	I turned away, thoughtfully.
simply	*Simply, I don't want to come.	I simply don't want to come.
unbelievably	Unbelievably, she showed up late again.	She unbelievably showed up late again.	She showed up late again, unbelievably.
unfortunately	Unfortunately, there is no more room.	There is unfortunately no more room. / There unfortunately is no more room.	There is no more room, unfortunately.

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Viewpoint and Commenting Adverb

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