Present Perfect Continuous
Present perfect continuous digunakan untuk merujuk ke waktu yang tidak diketahui antara 'sekarang' dan 'sebelum sekarang'. Penutur memikirkan sesuatu yang berawal, tetapi mungkin tidak selesai dalam periode waktu tertentu. Penutur tertarik dengan proses dan hasil/akibat, dan proses ini mungkin masih berlanjut atau sudah selesai.
Kejadian yang terjadi di masa lalu dan masih terjadi di masa kini
She has been waiting for you all day (= dan dia masih menunggu sekarang).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= dan saya masih belum menyelesaikannya).
They have been travelling since last October (= dan mereka belum pulang).
Kejadian yang baru saja selesai, tetapi kita tertarik dengan hasil/akibatnya
She has been cooking since last night (= dan makanan di meja terlihat lezat).
It's been raining (= dan jalanan masih basah).
Someone's been eating my chips (= separuhnya telah habis).
Membentuk Present Perfect Continuous
Present perfect continuous tersusun dari dua unsur: present perfect dari kata kerja to be (have/has been) dan present participle dari kata kerja utama (kata dasar + ing).
| Subjek | has/have been | kata dasar + ing |
| She | has been | swimming |
Kalimat positif: She has been/She's been running.
Kalimat negatif: She hasn't been running.
Pertanyaan : Has she been running?
Pertanyaan negatif: Hasn't she been running?
Contoh: present perfect continuous, TO LIVE
| Positif | Negatif | Pertanyaan |
|---|---|---|
| I have been living. | I haven't been living. | Have I been living? |
| You have been living. | You haven't been living. | Have you been living? |
| He, she, it has been living. | He hasn't been living. | Has she been living? |
| We have been living. | We haven't been living. | Have we been living? |
| You have been living. | You haven't been living. | Have you been living? |
| They have been living. | They haven't been living. | Have they been living? |
Kata kerja tanpa bentuk continuous
Untuk kata kerja yang biasanya tidak digunakan dalam bentuk continuous, gunakan simple present perfect (kata kerja seperti know, hate, hear, understand, dan want).
I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.